Ugo Chirico's e-learning

CAT (Card Application Toolkit) consists of a set of commands defined for the communication between a card (R-UIM) and a handset with the goal to enable the card to initiate actions which can be used for various value-added services.

CCAT is the acronym for CDMA Card Application Toolkit and consists of a set of commands defined for the communication between a card (R-UIM) and a handset with the goal to enable the card to initiate actions which can be used for various value-added services.

CDMA is a form of multiplexing that allows several transmitters to send information simultaneously over one single communication channel (e.g.: wireless networks) instead of assigning a specific frequency to each user as it is usual for GSM systems. CDMA encodes individual conversations by random digital sequence. It offers a transmission speed of only up to 14.4 Kbps in its single channel form and up to 115 Kbps in an eight-channel form.

Code Division Multiple Access 2000 is - next to UMTS - one of the 3rd generation mobile phone technologies that allow a higher data rate than GSM (for 2G) does. CDMA2000 is an upgraded version of CDMA which can support mobile data communications at speeds ranging from 144 Kbps to 2 Mbps.

The Contactless Front-end (CLF) is the circuitry in the terminal which
- Handles the analogue part of the NFC communication
- Handles the communication protocol layers of the contactless transmission link
- Exchanges data with the UICC on the SWP interface

Contactless smart card is a smart card equipped with an antenna which reacts in presence of a electromagnetic field, in the radio-frequency spectrum, emitted by a special reading/writing device, allowing the microchip exchanging data with the outer world (whilst the antenna stays within a minimum distance from the reading/writing device.)

CSIM (CDMA subscriber identify module) is the name of the application on a removable security module (UICC) located in CDMA2000 mobile terminals. In its functionality the CSIM is comparable to the SIM in GSM. It is equipped with the crypto algorithm CAVE which is used for a multiplicity of cryptographic protected functions inside CDMA.

EMV is an abbreviation of the three companies Europay International, MasterCard and VISA,
who developed the EMV standard. EMV is a norm for payment cards and for the correspondent acceptance devices (POS terminals and ATMs). The EMV norm is managing two main tasks: interoperability and flexibility. Interoperability means that the same cross-system and transnational card- and terminal utilisation known from the magnetic stripe technology is also given at the chip card technology. Flexibility means that furthermore every monetary transactions system must have the possibility to realise individual requirements beyond the interoperability.

The EMVCo is a federation that manages and supports the Integrated Circuit Card Specification for EMV chip based payment cards and acceptance devices. It also controls whether the testing and approval processes meet the EMV specification. American Express, JCB, MasterCard and VISA are the current owners of EMVCo.

The European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) was founded in 1988 by CEPT (European Conference of Postal and Telecommunications Administrations). It is a standardisation organisation in the telecommunications industry in Europe and produces international standardised technologies for the information and communication field including fixed, mobile, radio, broadcast, internet, aeronautical and other areas. ETSI is recognised as an official European Standards Organisation by the European Union, enabling valuable access to European markets.